Spring In Action(Sping实战)

内容概述:

1. 基本概念

Dependency Injection
Aspect Oriented Programming

ApplicationContext.xml v.s. spring-servlet.xml

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Spring lets you define multiple contexts in a parent-child hierarchy.  

The applicationContext.xml defines the beans for the "root webapp context", i.e. the context associated with the webapp.  

The spring-servlet.xml (or whatever else you call it) defines the beans for one servlet's app context. There can be many of these in a webapp, one per Spring servlet (e.g. spring1-servlet.xml for servlet spring1, spring2-servlet.xml for servlet spring2).  

Beans in spring-servlet.xml can reference beans in applicationContext.xml, but not vice versa.  

All Spring MVC controllers must go in the spring-servlet.xml context.  

In most simple cases, the applicationContext.xml context is unnecessary. It is generally used to contain beans that are shared between all servlets in a webapp. If you only have one servlet, then there's not really much point, unless you have a specific use for it.

2. 同时配置RootContext和多个DispatcherServletContext

目标是在一个springMVC应用中配置１个RootContext和３个DispatcherServlet：
2.1 首先编辑web.xml：配置Root Context

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<!-- 指定根应用上下文 -->
 <context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>/WEB-INF/application-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

配置第一个Servlet Context:

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<!-- Dispacther应用上下文, 如果这里不指定contextConfigLocation，那么默认从WEB-INF/myServlet-context.xml加载beans -->
 <servlet>
	<servlet-name>lakersServlet</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/lakers-context.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
	        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
	
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>lakersServlet</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/lakers</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

配置第二个Servlet Context:

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<!-- Dispacther应用上下文, 如果这里不指定contextConfigLocation，那么默认从WEB-INF/myServlet-context.xml加载beans -->
 <servlet>
	<servlet-name>rocketsServlet</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/rockets-context.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
	        <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> 
	
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>rocketsServlet</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/rockets</url-pattern>	
</servlet-mapping>

2.2 然后配置applicationContext.xml:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans...">

	<!--注意这里不要去设置component-scan-->
	 <!-- <context:component-scan base-package="edu.zju.springmvc" /> --> 
	<bean id="teacher" class="edu.zju.springmvc.config.Teacher">
		<constructor-arg value="Confucious" />
		<constructor-arg value="1" />
	</bean>
</beans>

2.3 最后分别配置３个DispatcherServletContext.xml

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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans...>

	<context:component-scan base-package="edu.zju.springmvc.lakers" />
	<bean id="stu" class="edu.zju.springmvc.entity.Student">
		<constructor-arg value="KobeBryant" />
		<constructor-arg value="24" />
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="player" class="edu.zju.springmvc.entity.Player">
		<constructor-arg value="Lonzo Ball" />
		<constructor-arg value="2" />
	</bean>


	<!-- ViewResolver -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 这里就只能解析/WEB-INF/jsp/目录下的jsp文件 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/lakers/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
</beans>

3. SpringMvc配置使用slf4j

3.1 配置pom.xml文件

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<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    	<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    	<version>1.8.0-alpha2</version>
    </dependency>

3.2 在web.xml加入以下配置

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<!-- Log4j配置 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/log/log4j.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<!-- 加载log4j配置文件 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<context-param>
		<param-name>rootLevel</param-name>
		<param-value>INFO</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<context-param>
		<param-name>loggingLevel</param-name>
		<param-value>INFO</param-value>
	</context-param>

3.3 添加/WEB-INF/log/log4j.xml配置文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD LOG4J 1.2//EN" "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">
	<!-- [控制台STDOUT] -->
	<appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
		<param name="encoding" value="GBK" />
		<param name="target" value="System.out" />
		<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
			<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p %c{2} - %m%n" />
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<!-- [公共Appender] -->
	<appender name="DEFAULT-APPENDER" class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">
		<param name="File" value="${webapp.root}/logs/default.log" />
		<param name="Append" value="true" />
		<param name="encoding" value="GBK" />
		<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'" />
		<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
			<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p %c{2} - %m%n" />
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<!-- [错误日志APPENDER] -->
	<appender name="ERROR-APPENDER" class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">
		<param name="File" value="${webapp.root}/logs/error.log" />
		<param name="Append" value="true" />
		<param name="encoding" value="GBK" />
		<param name="threshold" value="error" />
		<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'" />
		<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
			<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p %c{2} - %m%n" />
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<!-- [组件日志APPENDER] -->
	<appender name="COMPONENT-APPENDER" class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">
		<param name="File" value="${webapp.root}/logs/component.log" />
		<param name="Append" value="true" />
		<param name="encoding" value="GBK" />
		<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'" />
		<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
			<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d %-5p %c{2} - %m%n" />
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<!-- [组件日志] -->
	<logger name="LOGISTICS-COMPONENT">
		<level value="${loggingLevel}" />
		<appender-ref ref="COMPONENT-APPENDER" />
		<appender-ref ref="ERROR-APPENDER" />
	</logger>

	<!-- Root Logger -->
	<root>
		<level value="${rootLevel}"></level>
		<appender-ref ref="DEFAULT-APPENDER" />
		<appender-ref ref="ERROR-APPENDER" />
	</root>

</log4j:configuration>

3.4 之后就可以在代码中直接使用了，Tomcat的webapps目录下面对应的应用中就可以看到生成的日志文件